UPOTREBA METADISKURSNIH MARKERA U ESEJIMA STUDENATA KOJI UČE ENGLESKI JEZIK STRUKE

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Tijana Vesić Pavlović
Danijela Đorđević

Сажетак

U poslednje vreme, metadiskursni markeri predstavljaju čest predmet istraživanja u primenjenoj lingvistici i analizi diskursa. Svrha metadiskursnih markera jeste uspostavljanje odnosa sa čitaocem i bolje prenošenje poruke autora, što je posebno važno kada je reč o akademskom pisanju. Usled toga, metadiskursni markeri imaju važnu ulogu i u razvoju pragmatičke kompetencije onih koji uče strane jezike.


Predmet ovog istraživanja je metadiskurs u žanru studentskih eseja. Cilj istraživanja jeste da se analizira upotreba metadiskursnih markera u esejima koje su pisali studenti koji pohađaju kurseve engleskog jezika struke na univerzitetu i da ih razvrsta prema široko korišćenoj Hajlandovoj taksonomiji metadiskursnih markera. Korpus su činili eseji studenata prve godine mašinstva (N=100). Studenti su imali zadatak da napišu esej na engleskom jeziku dužine od 150 do 250 reči kao deo završnog ispita, na jednu od dve teme koje se tiču oblasti mašinstva: “Advances in Mechanical Engineering in the 21st century” i “Mechanical Engineering – Branches and Opportunities”. O ovim temama se na časovima prethodno diskutovalo, ali studenti nisu dobili uputstva o tome na koji način treba koristiti metadiskursne markere u esejima. 


Rezultati pokazuju da su studenti koristili oko 52,5 markera na 1.000 reči. U okviru analize prema kategorijama Hajlandovog interpersonalnog modela metadiskursa, pokazuje se da su interakcioni markeri (607 markera ukupno, tj. 32,55 na 1.000 reči) češće korišćeni od interaktivnih markera (373 markera ukupno, tj. 20 na 1.000 reči). Najbrojniji markeri u pojedinačnim kategorijama su bile tranzitivni markeri (ukupno 281, tj. 15,07 na 1.000 reči) koje pripadaju grupi interaktivnih markera, a zatim slede markeri angažovanja (254 ukupno, tj. 13,52 na 1.000 reči) i ograde (222 ukupno, tj. 11,90 na 1.000 reči), koji pripadaju grupi interakcionih markera.


Ovakav obrazac upotrebe metadiskursnih markera u analiziranim esejima ukazuje na to da su studenti najpre želeli da uključe čitaoca u tekst, a zatim i da na odgovarajući način povežu različite ideje i da oprezno iznesu svoje stavove o datim temama. Iako se pokazalo da je većina studenata sposobna da koristi metadiskursne markere u pisanju eseja na stručnu temu na engleskom jeziku, u pojedinim slučajevima zabeležena je i pogrešna ili preterana upotreba metadiskursa. Stoga se može zaključiti da bi eksplicitno uvođenje teme upotrebe metadiskursa na časovima engleskog jezika na univerzitetu doprinelo razvijanju pragmatičke kompetencije i omogućilo studentima da se adekvatno izražavaju u pisanoj formi na engleskom jeziku pri pisanju predloga projekata, tehničke dokumentacije ili naučnih radova u njihovoj daljoj profesionalnoj karijeri.

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Како цитирати
Vesić Pavlović, T., & Đorđević, D. UPOTREBA METADISKURSNIH MARKERA U ESEJIMA STUDENATA KOJI UČE ENGLESKI JEZIK STRUKE. Годишњак Филозофског факултета у Новом Саду, 45(5), 233–249. https://doi.org/10.19090/gff.2020.5.233-249
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